Freud’s doctrine has become famous primarily by the fact that penetrated into the recesses of the unconscious, or, as sometimes the author himself says, “hell” mentality. However, if we restrict this evaluation, it is possible to overlook another important aspect: the discovery of Freud’s complex, conflicting relations between the conscious and unconscious mental processes, raging over the surface of consciousness, in which slides in introspection gaze of the subject. The man himself, Freud thought, doesn’t have in front of him a transparent, clear picture of the complex device of its own inner world with all its streams, storms, explosions. And here is intended to come to the aid of psychoanalysis with his method of “free association”. Following the biological way of thinking, Freud distinguished two instincts that drive the behavior of self-preservation instinct and sexual instinct, which provides conservation not of the individual, but of the entire species. This second instinct was elevated into the category of Freud’s psychological dogma (the reference to Young’s) and named – the libido. The unconscious is interpreted as a sphere full of libido energy, blind instinct, which knows nothing but the pleasure principle, which a man feels when this energy is discharged. Depressed, repressed sexual desire for Freud stood for free from the mind control of the associations of his patients. This transcript Freud called psychoanalysis. Exploring his own dreams, Freud came to the conclusion that the “script” of dreams in its seeming absurdity is nothing but a code of hidden desires, which is satisfied in the images – symbols of this form of night life.
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